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Drugs.com nhận xét về sụn cá mập – phần 1
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Hãy cùng lắng nghe chuyên gia của Drugs.com nói về sụn cá mập
https://www.drugs.com/npp/shark-cartilage-extract.html
Chiết Xuất Sụn Cá Mập
Tên Khoa Học
- Sphyrna lewini (Cá mập búa)
- Squalus acanthias (Cá mập gai)
Tên Thông Dụng
- Cá mập búa
- Chất ức chế metalloproteinase matrix
- Sụn cá mập
- Cá mập gai
Tổng Quan
Sụn cá mập được quảng bá như một thực phẩm bổ sung để điều trị ung thư, viêm khớp, loãng xương, Kaposi sarcoma, thoái hóa điểm vàng, vẩy nến và các rối loạn viêm. Các chiết xuất từ sụn cá mập cho thấy hoạt động chống tạo mạch máu và chống ung thư trong ống nghiệm và trên động vật, nhưng cần thêm những dữ liệu lâm sàng để hỗ trợ sử dụng trong điều trị.
Liều Lượng
- Liều thương mại: 0.5 đến 4.5 g/ngày, chia thành 2-6 liều.
- Sụn cá mập đường uống nên được dùng khi bụng đói, tránh nước ép trái cây có tính axit trước và sau khi dùng 15-30 phút.
Chống Chỉ Định
- Thận trọng khi dùng cho bệnh nhân có bệnh động mạch vành, bệnh động mạch ngoại biên, bệnh thận, rối loạn nhịp tim hoặc ung thư do tác dụng chống tạo mạch máu và nguy cơ tăng calci huyết.
Thai Kỳ / Cho Con Bú
- Tránh sử dụng, thiếu thông tin về an toàn và hiệu quả.
Tương Tác
- Có thể tăng mức canxi khi dùng cùng các thuốc bổ sung canxi, thuốc lợi tiểu thiazide.
Tác Dụng Phụ
- Tác dụng phụ thường gặp: Rối loạn tiêu hóa, buồn nôn, thay đổi vị giác.
- Các báo cáo về hen suyễn nghề nghiệp do bụi sụn cá mập và tăng calci huyết ở bệnh nhân ung thư.
- Một trường hợp viêm gan do sụn cá mập đã được báo cáo.
Độc Tính
- Phụ gia canxi từ sụn cá mập có hàm lượng thủy ngân và cadmium cao, có thể độc hại.
- Một số sản phẩm chứa BMAA, một chất độc thần kinh.
Hóa Học
- Sụn cá mập chứa khoảng 40% protein, 5-20% glycosaminoglycan, muối canxi, và glycoprotein.
Sử Dụng và Dược Lý Học
- Tác dụng chống viêm: Có thể hữu ích trong các tình trạng viêm như viêm khớp dạng thấp, viêm khớp vảy nến, viêm xương khớp.
- Tác dụng kháng khuẩn: Squalamine từ cá mập có hoạt tính kháng khuẩn rộng.
- Tác dụng chống oxy hóa: Sụn cá mập có thể hoạt động như một chất chống oxy hóa.
- Ung thư: Sụn cá mập được cho là ức chế sự tạo mạch máu khối u, nhưng các nghiên cứu lâm sàng cần thêm để chứng minh được lợi ích này.
Tương Tác Thuốc
- Sụn cá mập có thể tương tác với các thuốc chứa cation đa giá, làm giảm nồng độ trong huyết thanh của các thuốc này.
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